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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in Dogs

Ards in dogs blog image for NHV's blog about ards in dogs.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in dogs can be a life-threatening condition in which the lungs become very inflamed and are unable to provide enough oxygen to the body. Although it is a rare condition, ARDS can develop rapidly after severe infections, trauma, sepsis, or exposure to toxins. Thus, it’s considered a medical emergency that requires immediate veterinary care.

In other words, ARDS can happen when the immune system overreacts, and this can trigger massive inflammation in the lungs. This excessive immune response can damage the tiny air sacs called alveoli, which are responsible for gas exchange. This can lead to fluid accumulation and difficulty in breathing.

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Symptoms and Causes

Dogs with ARDS may show the following symptoms:

Dyspnea or tachypnea (labored or rapid breathing)
Bluish gums or tongue (caused by low oxygen levels)
Wheezing or coughing
Fever and lethargy

Some of the common underlying causes can be:

Severe viral or bacterial pneumonia
Sepsis (generalized infection)
Inhalation of toxins or smoke
Pancreatitis
Trauma
Immune reactions, such as severe allergies

Some peer-reviewed studies have shown that excessive release of cytokines contributes to the lung damage observed in ARDS.

Cytokines are tiny messenger proteins created by the immune system. They help cells “communicate” with each other, especially during infections or inflammation.

In normal amounts, cytokines are helpful. But when too many are released at once it can cause serious problems. In dogs with ARDS, this excessive release of cytokines can make the lungs inflamed and it can cause breathing issues and low oxygen levels.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves chest x-rays, checking oxygen in the blood, and arterial blood gas tests to confirm how the lungs are functioning. Because this condition generally progresses very fast, hospitalization with oxygen therapy, ventilatory support, and anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory medications are needed.

The treatment is focused on both the primary causes, such as infection or trauma, and the secondary inflammation that is the cause of lung damage. In addition, balanced fluid therapy and careful monitoring are also critical to prevent further lung stress.

Recommended Products

In addition to the conventional treatment, some holistic approaches might help support the respiratory system and modulate the immune response. At NHV, our Resp-Aid supplement, known for its respiratory and anti-inflammatory properties, can be very supportive for canines suffering from ARDS.

Recent immunology research, including our own publication on natural immunomodulators in veterinary medicine, highlights how bioactive compounds present in NHV Resp-Aid and also NHV Natures Immuno can help regulate cytokine activity and support balancing the immune system response.

While holistic supplements are not a substitute for emergency care, they can complement recovery once your dog is stabilized as they can help improve comfort, reduce inflammation, and support lung repair.

When to Seek Emergency Care

If your dog shows difficulty in breathing, open-mouth breathing, blue or pale gums, or collapse, it is important to seek immediate veterinary help. ARDS can worsen within hours, and early intervention offers the best chance for your dog to survive.