anxiety & aggression support
Helps your pet fight Feline Leukemia, FIV virus,other viral infections, and lymphoma
If you’re anything like me, when you see a ‘stray’ pet on the streets, all you want to do is help and take it back home with you. As a kid, I remember asking my mom if I could keep any animal that even just walked across our lawn. In most cases, these pets were already well-loved, but some did genuinely need help.
In general, a loose dog is most often ‘lost’, whereas it can be a bit harder to tell with a wandering cat. It is always tempting to bring a pet in off the streets and give it a loving home, but there are some important things to consider before doing that.
Do’s of Caring for Stray Pets
Post notices
Post fliers around your neighborhood or make posts on local social media groups about the pet. This could be a very well-loved and missed pet whose people are desperately wanting their friend’s home. There are many local Facebook groups specifically for posting about lost and found pets.
Check for ID
Obviously, if the pet has a collar, someone has loved it at some point. Check the collar for any ID. If there is no obvious ID, if possible, bring the pet to your local vet to be checked for a microchip. These chips store a unique ID number that links up with the pet owner’s information and have been responsible for reuniting countless pets with their families, even years after they may have gone missing. Pets may also have an ID tattoo inside their ear or a breeder tattoo that may be in their ear or abdomen.
Ask Around
Go door to door and ask your neighbors if they recognize the pet. Perhaps there were some neighbors who recently moved in or moved out. Unfortunately, it’s not uncommon for people to leave a pet behind when they move.
Provide Shelter
Create a safe place for the pet. This could be a small, covered box out of the elements with a cozy blanket or you can create something a bit fancier for them, like an insulated pet home. It’s important to provide a secure place for them to sleep to keep them out of harm’s way when predators come out at night.
Provide Food
It’s important to make sure stray pets receive nutrition, so providing wholesome food will be very helpful. However, be sure not to just leave food out. Try to provide the food only when you see the pet to avoid attracting other wild animals like coyotes, raccoons, or skunks.
Provide Healthcare
If you notice a stray pet that seems to be in distress or is suffering from an illness. Try your best to bring them to a veterinarian. It’s obviously not expected that you will cover the costs of veterinary care, but if you’re unable to, expect that the vet will take them in and work with your local animal shelter to arrange for appropriate care of the pet. In this case, you most likely will not have any further contact with the pet.
Don’t’s for Caring for Stray Pets:
Bring Them In
If you have other pets it’s especially important to not bring stray pets into your home. It’s impossible to know the health condition of these pets. There are many illnesses that may be very contagious like Feline Leukemia Virus or Parvovirus. There is no way to know how these pets will interact with your pet, or how your pet will react to a new pet in the home. This could lead to dangerous aggressive behavior.
Give Too Much Love Too Quickly
If a pet is truly a homeless stray, they are not likely used to home life.
If a pet is truly a homeless stray, they are not likely used to home life. Trying to treat these pets like you would your own may be scary and overwhelming for them. Take your time, don’t try to pet them or pick them up if they seem nervous. This could result in injuries to you and keep the pet from trusting humans in the future. Some cats may even be feral or born outside of a home. In this case, they will be difficult to bring into a home and may prefer the ‘wild’ life.
Assume They’re Homeless
Not all pets you see around the neighborhood are homeless. This mostly applies to cats. Many cats are allowed outdoors to roam. Feeding a cat that you assume is stray may actually be harmful, as this may limit how often the kitty returns home. If you’re unsure whether a cat has a home, you can put a small collar with a note and your contact information on them, and hopefully hear back from the owners after he returns home, be sure to use a ‘safe release’ collar. For example: “Am I your kitty? I’ve been hanging around at Mary’s house, please call Mary at 555-1010 and let her know I’m loved!”
Remember to always consider your safety first. If you don’t think the animal is approachable or unsure how to care for a stray pet, you can call your local shelter or police and let them know about the pet roaming your neighborhood. And don’t forget that shelters and rescue organizations could always use some help, donate and volunteer when you have a chance.
If you decide to foster stray pets while looking for a home for them, you can help provide some health care with natural supplements. NHV Felimm to improve their immune system and to support FIV and FeLV kitties. Yucca to help with digestion and to reduce inflammation and discomfort. Matricalm to reduce stress and Inulin PK as a natural dewormer.
Have any questions about stray pets and bringing a rescued pet into your home? Contact a NHV Pet Expert.
Matricalm for Cats
Natural Help for Stress Reduction, Anxiety Relief, Behavioral Problems, and Aggression in Cats
buy 2 and save $3
3 month supply for a small to medium size pet
Matricalm is an all-natural supplement that provides anxiety and stress relief in cats and promotes calm behavior.
- Vet-approved dietary support for anxiety and aggressive behavior
- Helps calm aggression
- Safe for cats and kittens
- Reduces agitation
Matricalm is an all-natural supplement that provides anxiety and stress relief in cats and promotes calm behavior.
- Vet-approved dietary support for anxiety and aggressive behavior
- Helps calm aggression
- Safe for cats and kittens
- Reduces agitation
Help reduce aggressive behavior and provide anxiety and stress relief for your cat with Matricalm, a natural herbal product designed to help reduce excitability in your pet. Cats can become anxious or aggressive when exposed to other animals or to people they are unfamiliar with. When this occurs they may hiss, scratch, howl, or urinate inappropriately.
It’s important to remember that a significant cause of illness in pets results from stress. Helping to keep your cat stress free can help keep them healthier for longer. NHV Pet Experts also often recommend Matricalm for cats dealing with FIV, cancer, kidney issues, hyperthyroidism, and more.
See how NHV Matricalm helped kitty Kima with yowling and stress.
- item number
- PH1100c
- weight
- 0.7
- volume
- 3.4 fl. oz. (100ml)
- form
- liquid
- life stages
- adult, senior, kitten
- made in
- canada
Chamomile – Contains sedative properties. Chamomile also helps the immune system and has a strong affinity for the nervous system.
Passion Flower – An effective, non-addictive sedative. It helps increase gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, which helps cause a feeling of relaxation. Passion Flower also has strong anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties.
Lemon Balm – An aromatic herb used for nervous disorders, excitability, and anxiety. In addition, lemon balm helps lower blood pressure.
Valerian – Helps stop heart palpitations, relaxes spasms, relieves pain, and regulates the nervous system. Valerian also helps improve sleep latency and sleep quality.
Hops – Tension, anxiety, and stress relief in cats. Hops have traditionally been used to help with mood disturbances, such as restlessness and anxiety.
Pet's Weight Dosage
To be taken twice daily. All NHV supplements are designed to be used together, and can, therefore, be given at once for convenience.
Select your pet's weight to determine the correct dose.
To be taken twice daily. Determine your pet’s weight and then use the easy chart below to determine the correct dose. This is the minimum dosage.
Pet's Weight Dosage
0 - 15 lb = 0.5 ml
16 - 30 lb = 1.0 ml
31 - 45 lb = 1.5 ml
46 - 60 lb = 2.0 ml
61 - 75 lb = 2.5 ml
Over 75 lb = 3.0 ml
How to Administer
Shake well before use. The easiest method is to use the dropper provided and place the drops into your pet’s food or favorite treat. You can also use the dropper and squirt directly into the pet’s mouth.
Some pets can be finicky. If this occurs, consider hiding the drops in foods most pets love, such as fish, chicken, yogurt or a favorite treat. If your pet only eats dry food, then soak a few kibbles at feeding time.
For Best Results
Herbal dietary supplements are beneficial to the health and well-being of your pet and are safe for long-term use. Every pet responds to natural herbal supplements differently. Therefore, it is important to be consistent and administer the product daily. Supplements generally take two to four weeks to take effect; however, this interval will vary from one animal to the next.
Product Storage
All NHV Natural Pet Products are pure herbal extracts and contain no artificial additives, preservatives, or coloring. Shelf life after opening is six months, and it must be refrigerated after opening.
Cautions and Contraindications
Do not use Matricalm for cats as stress relief in pregnant or nursing animals. Speak to your vet before using our products. A second visit is recommended if your pet’s condition does not improve or deteriorates after the continued use of the supplements.
All information provided by NHV Natural Pet Products is for educational purposes only.
-
Description
Help reduce aggressive behavior and provide anxiety and stress relief for your cat with Matricalm, a natural herbal product designed to help reduce excitability in your pet. Cats can become anxious or aggressive when exposed to other animals or to people they are unfamiliar with. When this occurs they may hiss, scratch, howl, or urinate inappropriately.
It’s important to remember that a significant cause of illness in pets results from stress. Helping to keep your cat stress free can help keep them healthier for longer. NHV Pet Experts also often recommend Matricalm for cats dealing with FIV, cancer, kidney issues, hyperthyroidism, and more.
See how NHV Matricalm helped kitty Kima with yowling and stress.
- item number
- PH1100c
- weight
- 0.7
- volume
- 3.4 fl. oz. (100ml)
- form
- liquid
- life stages
- adult, senior, kitten
- made in
- canada
-
Ingredients
Chamomile – Contains sedative properties. Chamomile also helps the immune system and has a strong affinity for the nervous system.
Passion Flower – An effective, non-addictive sedative. It helps increase gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, which helps cause a feeling of relaxation. Passion Flower also has strong anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties.
Lemon Balm – An aromatic herb used for nervous disorders, excitability, and anxiety. In addition, lemon balm helps lower blood pressure.
Valerian – Helps stop heart palpitations, relaxes spasms, relieves pain, and regulates the nervous system. Valerian also helps improve sleep latency and sleep quality.
Hops – Tension, anxiety, and stress relief in cats. Hops have traditionally been used to help with mood disturbances, such as restlessness and anxiety.
-
Dosage
Pet's Weight Dosage
To be taken twice daily. All NHV supplements are designed to be used together, and can, therefore, be given at once for convenience.
Select your pet's weight to determine the correct dose.
To be taken twice daily. Determine your pet’s weight and then use the easy chart below to determine the correct dose. This is the minimum dosage.
Pet's Weight Dosage
0 - 15 lb = 0.5 ml
16 - 30 lb = 1.0 ml
31 - 45 lb = 1.5 ml
46 - 60 lb = 2.0 ml
61 - 75 lb = 2.5 ml
Over 75 lb = 3.0 ml
How to Administer
Shake well before use. The easiest method is to use the dropper provided and place the drops into your pet’s food or favorite treat. You can also use the dropper and squirt directly into the pet’s mouth.
Some pets can be finicky. If this occurs, consider hiding the drops in foods most pets love, such as fish, chicken, yogurt or a favorite treat. If your pet only eats dry food, then soak a few kibbles at feeding time.
For Best Results
Herbal dietary supplements are beneficial to the health and well-being of your pet and are safe for long-term use. Every pet responds to natural herbal supplements differently. Therefore, it is important to be consistent and administer the product daily. Supplements generally take two to four weeks to take effect; however, this interval will vary from one animal to the next.
Product Storage
All NHV Natural Pet Products are pure herbal extracts and contain no artificial additives, preservatives, or coloring. Shelf life after opening is six months, and it must be refrigerated after opening.
Cautions and Contraindications
Do not use Matricalm for cats as stress relief in pregnant or nursing animals. Speak to your vet before using our products. A second visit is recommended if your pet’s condition does not improve or deteriorates after the continued use of the supplements.
All information provided by NHV Natural Pet Products is for educational purposes only.
parasite support
Inulin-PK for cats
Inulin-PK for cats
Natural Parasite Dewormer for Cats and Kittens
buy 2 and save $3
3 month supply for a small to medium size pet
Gently destroy parasite infestations with a natural cat dewormer while helping repair damage caused by worms and balancing the immune system.
- Supports your cat’s immune system
- Supports gastrointestinal tract healing
- Helps to eliminate roundworms, tapeworms, hookworms, whipworms, and threadworms
- Helps repair the GI damage parasites cause
Gently destroy parasite infestations with a natural cat dewormer while helping repair damage caused by worms and balancing the immune system.
- Supports your cat’s immune system
- Supports gastrointestinal tract healing
- Helps to eliminate roundworms, tapeworms, hookworms, whipworms, and threadworms
- Helps repair the GI damage parasites cause
Rid your cat of internal parasites (worms) that can drain your pet’s energy, prevent them from absorbing nutrients from food, and damage the intestinal tract. Inulin PK is a natural cat dewormer designed to control parasites in cats, stop bleeding, and repair the internal damage worms cause.
Common types of worms that Inulin-PK can help support recovery from include hookworm, roundworm, whipworm, and tapeworm. The signs that your pet may be infected include anemia, weight loss, and diarrhea. We recommend first seeing your veterinarian for a diagnosis.
NHV supplements are all-natural herbal remedies that can be safely taken alongside conventional treatment.
- item number
- PH2250c
- weight
- 0.7
- volume
- 3.4 fl. oz. (100ml)
- form
- liquid
- life stages
- adult, senior, kitten
- made in
- canada
Elecampane – Has a paralyzing effect on the central nervous system of worms.
Wormwood – Expels intestinal worms and parasite infestations.
Jamaica Quassia – Helps expel parasitic worms from the body. Enhances other properties in Inulin PK.
Papaya – Helps dissolve the worm’s outer layer.
Oregon Grape – Helps relieve indigestion and malabsorption. It also has antibiotic and immunostimulatory properties.
Fennel – Relieves digestive problems and relaxes spasms.
Bacopa – Clears toxins, reduces inflammation, and improves healing.
Milk Thistle – Protects, strengthens, and stimulates new cell production in the liver.
Celandine – Protects the liver, improves bile flow, and helps to emulsify gallbladder content.
Pet's Weight Dosage
To be taken twice daily. All NHV supplements are designed to be used together, and can, therefore, be given at once for convenience.
Select your pet's weight to determine the correct dose.
To be taken twice daily. Determine your pet’s weight and then use the easy chart below to determine the correct dose. This is the minimum dosage.
Pet's Weight Dosage
0 - 15 lb = 0.5 ml
16 - 30 lb = 1.0 ml
31 - 45 lb = 1.5 ml
46 - 60 lb = 2.0 ml
61 - 75 lb = 2.5 ml
Over 75 lb = 3.0 ml
How to Administer:
Shake well before use. The easiest method is to use the dropper provided and place the drops into your pet’s food or favorite treat. You can also use the dropper and squirt directly into the pet’s mouth. Some pets can be finicky, if this occurs consider hiding the drops in foods most pet’s love such as fish, chicken or yogurt or a favorite treat. If your pet only eats dry food then soak a few kibbles at feeding time.
For Best Results
Herbal dietary supplements are beneficial to the health and well-being of your pet and are safe for long-term use. Every pet responds to natural herbal supplements differently, therefore it is important to be consistent and administer the product daily. Supplements generally take two to four weeks to take effect, however this will vary from one animal to the next.
Product Storage
All NHV Natural Pet Products are pure herbal extracts and contain no artificial additives, preservatives or coloring. Shelf life after opening is 6 months and must be refrigerated after opening.
Cautions and Contraindications
Do not use Inulin PK in pregnant animals.
Speak to your vet before using our products. A second visit is recommended if your pet’s condition does not improve, or deteriorates after continued use of the supplements.
All information provided by NHV Natural Pet Products is for educational purposes only.
-
Description
Rid your cat of internal parasites (worms) that can drain your pet’s energy, prevent them from absorbing nutrients from food, and damage the intestinal tract. Inulin PK is a natural cat dewormer designed to control parasites in cats, stop bleeding, and repair the internal damage worms cause.
Common types of worms that Inulin-PK can help support recovery from include hookworm, roundworm, whipworm, and tapeworm. The signs that your pet may be infected include anemia, weight loss, and diarrhea. We recommend first seeing your veterinarian for a diagnosis.
NHV supplements are all-natural herbal remedies that can be safely taken alongside conventional treatment.
- item number
- PH2250c
- weight
- 0.7
- volume
- 3.4 fl. oz. (100ml)
- form
- liquid
- life stages
- adult, senior, kitten
- made in
- canada
-
Ingredients
Elecampane – Has a paralyzing effect on the central nervous system of worms.
Wormwood – Expels intestinal worms and parasite infestations.
Jamaica Quassia – Helps expel parasitic worms from the body. Enhances other properties in Inulin PK.
Papaya – Helps dissolve the worm’s outer layer.
Oregon Grape – Helps relieve indigestion and malabsorption. It also has antibiotic and immunostimulatory properties.
Fennel – Relieves digestive problems and relaxes spasms.
Bacopa – Clears toxins, reduces inflammation, and improves healing.
Milk Thistle – Protects, strengthens, and stimulates new cell production in the liver.
Celandine – Protects the liver, improves bile flow, and helps to emulsify gallbladder content.
-
Dosage
Pet's Weight Dosage
To be taken twice daily. All NHV supplements are designed to be used together, and can, therefore, be given at once for convenience.
Select your pet's weight to determine the correct dose.
To be taken twice daily. Determine your pet’s weight and then use the easy chart below to determine the correct dose. This is the minimum dosage.
Pet's Weight Dosage
0 - 15 lb = 0.5 ml
16 - 30 lb = 1.0 ml
31 - 45 lb = 1.5 ml
46 - 60 lb = 2.0 ml
61 - 75 lb = 2.5 ml
Over 75 lb = 3.0 ml
How to Administer:
Shake well before use. The easiest method is to use the dropper provided and place the drops into your pet’s food or favorite treat. You can also use the dropper and squirt directly into the pet’s mouth. Some pets can be finicky, if this occurs consider hiding the drops in foods most pet’s love such as fish, chicken or yogurt or a favorite treat. If your pet only eats dry food then soak a few kibbles at feeding time.For Best Results
Herbal dietary supplements are beneficial to the health and well-being of your pet and are safe for long-term use. Every pet responds to natural herbal supplements differently, therefore it is important to be consistent and administer the product daily. Supplements generally take two to four weeks to take effect, however this will vary from one animal to the next.Product Storage
All NHV Natural Pet Products are pure herbal extracts and contain no artificial additives, preservatives or coloring. Shelf life after opening is 6 months and must be refrigerated after opening.Cautions and Contraindications
Do not use Inulin PK in pregnant animals.
Speak to your vet before using our products. A second visit is recommended if your pet’s condition does not improve, or deteriorates after continued use of the supplements.
All information provided by NHV Natural Pet Products is for educational purposes only.
discomfort support
Yucca for Cats
Yucca for Cats
Support for Discomfort and Appetite Stimulant
buy 2 and save $3
3 month supply for a small to medium size
NHV Yucca is used for cats as a supplement to provide nutrients, and may be helpful for discomfort, inflammation, and to increase or balance the appetite.
- Support for inflamed muscles and joints in cats
- May help relieve discomfort
- May stimulate and improve or balance the appetite
- Helps with digestion
NHV Yucca is used for cats as a supplement to provide nutrients, and may be helpful for discomfort, inflammation, and to increase or balance the appetite.
- Support for inflamed muscles and joints in cats
- May help relieve discomfort
- May stimulate and improve or balance the appetite
- Helps with digestion
Discomfort and Appetite Support for Cats
Yucca is used in cat food as well as food for other animals around the world. Its root is a highly nutritious herb that’s rich in vitamin C, beta-carotene, B vitamins, magnesium, iron, calcium, manganese, protein, niacin, and phosphorus.
How Yucca Supports Cats
Yucca contains two very beneficial compounds: sarsasapogenin and smilagenin. These two compounds work on the mucous membranes of the small intestine. These compounds help with the penetration and absorption of minerals and vitamins. Sarsasapogenin and smilagenin are known as steroidal saponins (phytosterols) which act as precursors to corticosteroids produced naturally by the body.
Steroidal saponins support the immune function of the body while stimulating and supporting the production of its own corticosteroids and corticosteroid–related hormones. Due to this action, studies conducted on Yucca have shown that it may be beneficial and effective for discomfort relief and inflammation in conditions such as arthritis. Yucca for cats may also be a natural appetite stimulant and may also help reduce the production of urease, which contributes to the unpleasant odors of urine and feces in some cats.
- item number
- PH8000c
- weight
- 0.7
- volume
- 3.4 fl. oz. (100ml)
- form
- liquid;life stages=adult, senior, kitten"
- made in
- canada
Yucca - Commonly used for supporting arthritis, as an anti-inflammatory, nutritive, antitumor, and digestive supplement.
Pet's Weight Dosage
To be taken twice daily. All NHV supplements are designed to be used together, and can, therefore, be given at once for convenience.
Select your pet's weight to determine the correct dose.
To be taken twice daily. Determine your pet’s weight and then use the easy chart below to determine the correct dose. This is the minimum dosage.
Pet's Weight Dosage
0 - 15 lb = 0.5 ml
16 - 30 lb = 1.0 ml
31 - 45 lb = 1.5 ml
46 - 60 lb = 2.0 ml
61 - 75 lb = 2.5 ml
Over 75 lb = 3.0 ml
How to Administer: Shake well before use. The easiest method is to use the dropper provided and place the drops into your pet’s food or favorite treat. You can also use the dropper and squirt directly into the pet’s mouth. Some pets can be finicky, if this occurs consider hiding the drops in foods most pet’s love such as fish, chicken, yogurt, or a favorite treat. If your pet only eats dry food then soak a few kibbles at feeding time.
For Best Results: Herbal dietary supplements are beneficial to the health and well-being of your pet and are safe for long-term use. Every pet responds to natural herbal supplements differently, therefore it is important to be consistent and administer the product daily. Supplements generally take two to four weeks to take effect, however this will vary from one animal to the next.
Product Storage:
All NHV Natural Pet Products are pure herbal extracts and contain no artificial additives, preservatives or coloring. Shelf life after opening is 6 months and must be refrigerated after opening.
Cautions and Contraindications
Do not use Yucca in pregnant or nursing animals.
Speak to your vet before using our products. A second visit is recommended if your pet’s condition does not improve, or deteriorates after continued use of the supplements. All information provided by NHV Natural Pet Products is for educational purposes only.
-
Description
Discomfort and Appetite Support for Cats
Yucca is used in cat food as well as food for other animals around the world. Its root is a highly nutritious herb that’s rich in vitamin C, beta-carotene, B vitamins, magnesium, iron, calcium, manganese, protein, niacin, and phosphorus.
How Yucca Supports Cats
Yucca contains two very beneficial compounds: sarsasapogenin and smilagenin. These two compounds work on the mucous membranes of the small intestine. These compounds help with the penetration and absorption of minerals and vitamins. Sarsasapogenin and smilagenin are known as steroidal saponins (phytosterols) which act as precursors to corticosteroids produced naturally by the body.
Steroidal saponins support the immune function of the body while stimulating and supporting the production of its own corticosteroids and corticosteroid–related hormones. Due to this action, studies conducted on Yucca have shown that it may be beneficial and effective for discomfort relief and inflammation in conditions such as arthritis. Yucca for cats may also be a natural appetite stimulant and may also help reduce the production of urease, which contributes to the unpleasant odors of urine and feces in some cats.
- item number
- PH8000c
- weight
- 0.7
- volume
- 3.4 fl. oz. (100ml)
- form
- liquid;life stages=adult, senior, kitten"
- made in
- canada
-
Ingredients
Yucca - Commonly used for supporting arthritis, as an anti-inflammatory, nutritive, antitumor, and digestive supplement.
-
Dosage
Pet's Weight Dosage
To be taken twice daily. All NHV supplements are designed to be used together, and can, therefore, be given at once for convenience.
Select your pet's weight to determine the correct dose.
To be taken twice daily. Determine your pet’s weight and then use the easy chart below to determine the correct dose. This is the minimum dosage.
Pet's Weight Dosage
0 - 15 lb = 0.5 ml
16 - 30 lb = 1.0 ml
31 - 45 lb = 1.5 ml
46 - 60 lb = 2.0 ml
61 - 75 lb = 2.5 ml
Over 75 lb = 3.0 ml
How to Administer: Shake well before use. The easiest method is to use the dropper provided and place the drops into your pet’s food or favorite treat. You can also use the dropper and squirt directly into the pet’s mouth. Some pets can be finicky, if this occurs consider hiding the drops in foods most pet’s love such as fish, chicken, yogurt, or a favorite treat. If your pet only eats dry food then soak a few kibbles at feeding time.
For Best Results: Herbal dietary supplements are beneficial to the health and well-being of your pet and are safe for long-term use. Every pet responds to natural herbal supplements differently, therefore it is important to be consistent and administer the product daily. Supplements generally take two to four weeks to take effect, however this will vary from one animal to the next.
Product Storage:
All NHV Natural Pet Products are pure herbal extracts and contain no artificial additives, preservatives or coloring. Shelf life after opening is 6 months and must be refrigerated after opening.Cautions and Contraindications
Do not use Yucca in pregnant or nursing animals.
Speak to your vet before using our products. A second visit is recommended if your pet’s condition does not improve, or deteriorates after continued use of the supplements. All information provided by NHV Natural Pet Products is for educational purposes only.
Published: July 19, 2019