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Hypothyroidism Kit

Thyro-Up & Multi Essentials

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Ask a Vet: What Causes Thyroid Problems in Dogs and Cats?

Vet Talks 4 min read

“Why Is My Pet Having Thyroid Issues?” As a veterinarian, I often hear this question from concerned pet parents, especially when their dog starts gaining weight unexpectedly or their senior cat begins to lose weight and act restless. Thyroid problems in dogs and cats are more common than most people realize, and they can significantly impact your companion’s energy, metabolism, and long-term wellness.

Let’s take a closer look at what causes thyroid problems in dogs and cats, how these conditions differ between species, and what pet parents can do to help support thyroid health naturally.

Thyroid Problems in Dogs vs. Cats

Thyroid disease presents differently in dogs and cats. Understanding the distinction is key to proper diagnosis and treatment.

Dogs: Hypothyroidism

In dogs, hypothyroidism, an underactive thyroid, is by far the most common thyroid disorder. It usually occurs in middle-aged to older dogs and is more frequent in medium to large breeds.

Primary causes of hypothyroidism in dogs include:

  • Autoimmune thyroiditis (lymphocytic thyroiditis): This immune-mediated condition causes the body to attack its own thyroid tissue.
  • Idiopathic thyroid atrophy: The thyroid tissue shrinks or disappears, often for unknown reasons.
  • Iatrogenic causes: Rarely, medications or treatments for other conditions (like cancer or skin disease) can suppress thyroid function.

Cats: Hyperthyroidism

In cats, hyperthyroidism, an overactive thyroid, is the most common endocrine disorder, typically affecting cats over the age of 10.

Common causes of feline hyperthyroidism include:

  • Benign thyroid adenomas: Non-cancerous tumors of the thyroid gland that lead to overproduction of thyroid hormones.
  • Thyroid carcinoma: Less common, but malignant tumors can also cause hyperthyroidism.
  • Environmental exposure: Emerging research points to potential links with dietary iodine levels and environmental chemicals like PBDEs (flame retardants).

Symptoms in cats include weight loss despite increased appetite, increased thirst and urination, hyperactivity, vomiting, diarrhea, and a scruffy or unkempt coat.

Can pets develop thyroid issues? Yes, both dogs and cats can develop thyroid imbalances, though the type and cause differ by species.

Breed, Age & Environmental Factors

Genetic Predisposition

Certain breeds of dogs are more likely to develop hypothyroidism. These include Golden Retrievers, Dobermans, Boxers, Cocker Spaniels, and Irish Setters.

In cats, there’s no strong breed predisposition, but hyperthyroidism is more common in older cats regardless of breed.

Age

Age is a major risk factor. Dogs often develop hypothyroidism between the ages of 4–10. Cats generally show signs of hyperthyroidism after age 10.

Environmental & Dietary Factors

Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), found in some pet foods, furniture, and dust, may be linked to thyroid imbalances, especially in cats.

Dietary iodine levels can also play a role. Both deficiency and excess iodine have been associated with altered thyroid function in pets.

Holistic Prevention Tips

While we can’t always prevent thyroid disorders, especially when genetics or aging are involved, we can take steps to support overall thyroid health naturally.

1. Feed a Balanced, High-Quality Diet

Avoid ultra-processed pet foods when possible. Look for limited-ingredient, whole-food-based diets that are free from artificial additives and preservatives. Some therapeutic diets are iodine-controlled and may be recommended for pets with diagnosed thyroid conditions.

2. Consider Natural Supplements

At NHV, we offer several natural pet supplements formulated to support endocrine and immune function:

  • NHV Thyro-Up: Formulated for dogs with hypothyroidism, this blend supports healthy thyroid function and metabolism.
  • NHV Resthyro:  An herbal formula that balances thyroid hyperactivity and relieves symptoms such as excessive appetite, thirst, and urination. Also helps to relieve tension and irritability and aids with digestion.
  • NHV Hyperthyroid Gold Kit: Combines Thyroid Support and natural detoxifying herbs to help support cats with hyperthyroidism.

3. Reduce Environmental Exposure

  • Vacuum and clean pet areas regularly to reduce dust and chemical residues.
  • Avoid using scented cleaning products or aerosols around pets.
  • Choose pet-safe, eco-friendly materials for bedding and toys.

4. Support a Low-Stress Lifestyle

Chronic stress can disrupt endocrine balance. Make time for regular play, enrichment, and bonding with your pet. For anxious pets, consider natural calming supplements or pheromone diffusers.

Final Thoughts

Thyroid imbalances can be challenging, but with early recognition and integrative care, including veterinary support, appropriate medication, and natural supplements, many pets go on to live long, happy lives.

If you’ve been wondering, “Can pets develop thyroid issues?” the answer is yes, and understanding the thyroid imbalance causes in pets is the first step toward helping them feel their best.

For more guidance on supporting thyroid health naturally, feel free to reach out to our NHV Pet Experts or browse our full line of herbal support products.

Dr. Mehdi Esmatparast, DVM, Ph.D.

Dr. Mehdi Esmatparast, DVM, Ph.D.

Dr. Mehdi Esmatparast, a veterinarian from Iran, obtained his Doctor of Veterinary Medicine degree from Urmia University in 2008 and later earned his Ph.D. in Theriogenology from the University of Tehran in 2017. With over 15 years of experience in research and veterinary medicine practice, Dr. Mehdi is dedicated to providing exceptional care for pets. He enjoys spending quality time with his family and his two beloved cats, Sushi and Cookie.

Published: August 15, 2025

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